Insect Bites
from Volume 4, Number 4 of Lost ... and Found
by Joyce Rumschlag
Emergency allergic or hypersensitive reactions sometimes result from the stings of bees, wasps and ants. Many people are allergic to the venom of these particular insects. Bites or stings from these insects may produce more serious reactions, to include generalized itching and hives, weakness, anxiety, headache, breathing difficulties, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Very serious allergic reactions (called anaphylactic shock) can lead to complete collapse, shock and even death.
First Aid
If there is a stinger present, remove it by scraping the skin's surface with a
fingernail or knife. Do not squeeze the sac attached to the stinger
because it may inject more venom.
Wash the area of the bite or sting with soap and water.
Remove jewelry from bitten extremities because swelling is common.
In most cases of insect bites the reaction will be mild and localized; use ice or cold compresses on the side of the bite or sting. This will help reduce swelling, ease the pain, and slow the absorption of venom. Meat tenderizer or calamine lotion may be applied locally. I have tried both and neither had any significant effect on itching or swelling. I have also found that a decrease in activity and elevation of the affected area reduces "down time."
If the reaction or symptoms appear serious, seek medical aid immediately. Swelling can be dangerous when it begins to restrict circulation.
Prevention
Apply insect repellent, reapply every 2 hours or after stream crossings. Be
on the watch for insects swarming around. Never swat at or try to fan away
insects. This seems to have a reverse effect on them.
Wear long pants especially when sitting directly on the ground. Long sleeved shirts can save on insect bites as well as provide protection from the sun.
Avoid wilderness critters and their nesting or bedding areas!
References
Virtual Naval Hospital
[Disclaimer: The editors remind you that written descriptions of first
aid are not a substitute for proper first aid training, and that Cibola SAR's
policy is that medical decisions are properly deferred to trained medical
personnel!]
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